Modification of Carbon–Carbon Composite Materials under High-Fluence Irradiation of Fusion Plasma Ions

The modification of carbon-carbon composite materials under high fluence (>3 · 10₁₈ cm^–2) irratiation with He+, Ne⁺, Ar⁺ and C⁺ ions with an energies of 10–30 keV at irradiation temperatures from room temperature to 600°C has been studied experimentally. It is shown that irradiation of carbon fibers with the ion energies of tens keV allows to imitate radiation damage in graphites with levels of radiation damage up to several hundred displacements per atom (dpa), and makes it possible to simultaneously study the effect of ion irradiation at different angles of incidence on plasma-facing materials of fusion plants. The irradiation with helium ions is appropriate for imitation of radiation damage under mechanical stress conditions which include both compression and stretching. Irradiation with heavier ions of noble gas ions (Ne, Ar) is applicable to imitation of mechanical stresses of compression. Temperature dependences of the ion-induced electron emission reflect the surface texture of graphite materials and can be used as a method of in-situ control of the fiber shell texture.

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