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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">npe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ядерная физика и инжиниринг</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nuclear Physics and Engineering</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-5629</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2079-5637</issn><publisher><publisher-name>МИФИ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.56304/S2079562925060132</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">LXUMAD</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">npe-649</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Моделирование наноструктур</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Modeling of Nanostructures</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>КВАНТОВЫЕ ЯМЫ В ГРАФЕНЕ С МАССОВОЙ ЩЕЛЬЮ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>QUANTUM WELLS IN GRAPHENE WITH A MASS GAP</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Красюков</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasukov</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павловский</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlovsky</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский центр “Курчатовский институт”;&#13;
Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Centre ”Kurchatov Institute”;&#13;
Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>337</fpage><lpage>346</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Красюков Г.А., Павловский О.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Красюков Г.А., Павловский О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krasukov G.A., Pavlovsky O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://npe.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/649">https://npe.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/649</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе рассматривается модель квантовой ямы, построенной на основе графена на подложке, генерирующей массовую щель. Анализируется ситуация, когда в структуре подложки есть дефект, а структура графена остается идеальной. Такой дефект обеспечивает пространственную неоднородность массовой щели. В работе показано, что неоднородность массовой щели приводит к появлению квантовой ямы как для электронных, так и для дырочных возбуждений. На основе модели двумерного поля Дирака были исследованы локализованные электронные и дырочные состояния, получены их волновые функции и энергетический спектр. Исследованы различные квантовые ямы, полученные на основе неоднородностей разного размера и формы. Показана нетривиальная зависимость энергетического спектра локализованных состояний от параметров ямы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper considers a model of a quantum well on the basis of graphene on a substrate generating a mass gap. The analyzed situation is when there is a defect in the substrate structure, and the graphene structure remains ideal. Such a defect provides spatial inhomogeneity of the mass gap. The paper shows that the inhomogeneity of the mass gap leads to the appearance of a quantum well for both electron and hole excitations. Based on the two-dimensional Dirac field model, localized electron and hole states are investigated, their energy spectrum and wavefunctions are obtained. Various quantum wells obtained on the basis of inhomogeneities of different sizes and shapes are studied. A nontrivial dependence of localized states energy spectrum on the well parameters is shown.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>графен</kwd><kwd>массовая щель</kwd><kwd>поле Дирака</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>graphene</kwd><kwd>mass gap</kwd><kwd>Dirac field</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Peres N.M.R., Castro Neto A.H., Guinea F. // Phys. Rev. B. 2006. V. 73 (24). 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