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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">npe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ядерная физика и инжиниринг</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nuclear Physics and Engineering</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-5629</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2079-5637</issn><publisher><publisher-name>МИФИ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.56304/S2079562925060351</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">YQXIKQ</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">npe-601</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Математическое моделирование в ядерных технологиях</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Mathematical Modeling in Nuclear Technologies</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ДВУХУРОВНЕВАЯ СИСТЕМА НА ОСНОВЕ ЭЛЕКТРОННЫХ ВОЗБУЖДЕНИЙ В ГРАФЕНЕ В ГАРМОНИЧЕСКОЙ ЛОВУШКЕ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>TWO-LEVEL QUANTUM SYSTEM BASED ON ELECTRONIC EXCITATIONS IN GRAPHENE IN A HARMONIC TRAP</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ульянов</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulianov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павловский</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlovsky</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский центр “Курчатовский институт”</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский центр “Курчатовский институт”;&#13;
Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”;&#13;
Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>61</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ульянов А.М., Павловский О.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ульянов А.М., Павловский О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ulianov A.M., Pavlovsky O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://npe.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/601">https://npe.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/601</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе была рассмотрена одномерная квантовая модель со сложной кинетической частью, воспроизводящей дисперсионное соотношение для электронов в графене. Система помещена в гармоническую ловушку. Для исследования задачи был разработан формализм континуального интеграла в пространстве волновых чисел и получен аналог формулы Фейнмана−Каца. На основе этого подхода было проведено моделирование методом гибридного Монте−Карло. Определена энергия основного состояния. В пространстве волновых чисел выявлено наличие инстантонов между конусами Дирака. Дополнительное исследование путем численного решения уравнения Шрёдингера в k-представлении позволило определить энергетический спектр и волновые функции в случае координатных ловушек разной силы. Выявлено, что благодаря нетривиальному дисперсионному соотношения наблюдается расщепление основного состояния и система является эффективно двухуровневой, несмотря на простоту координатного потенциала.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In this work we investigate a one-dimensional quantum mechanical model of a single particle with non-trivial dispersion relation in a harmonic potential. The model is motivated by the study of the properties of graphene and accounts for the tunneling between two adjacent Dirac cones in wavenumber space. It is shown that such tunneling leads to the splitting of energy levels even in simple harmonic trap. Results were obtained using two different methods: Monte Carlo simulation and numerical solution of the Schrodinger equation. A potential application of this effect for the creation of two-level quantum systems is discussed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>графен</kwd><kwd>метод Монте-Карло</kwd><kwd>электронные возбуждения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>graphene</kwd><kwd>Monte Carlo method</kwd><kwd>electronic excitations</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при частичной поддержке государственного задания НИЦ ”Курчатовский институт”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thouless D.J. The Quantum Mechanics of Many-Body Systems. 2013. New York: Courier Corporation.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thouless D.J. The Quantum Mechanics of Many-Body Systems. 2013. 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