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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">npe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ядерная физика и инжиниринг</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nuclear Physics and Engineering</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-5629</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2079-5637</issn><publisher><publisher-name>МИФИ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.56304/S2079562925010233</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">VIQHIN</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">npe-562</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Медицинская физика и биофизика</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Medical Physics and Biophysics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ДИЗАЙН ОПТИЧЕСКИ КОДИРОВАННЫХ МИКРОСФЕР РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ДИАМЕТРОВ ДЛЯ МНОГОПАРАМЕТРИЧЕСКОЙ ПРОТОЧНОЙ ЦИТОМЕТРИИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>DESIGN OF OPTICALLY ENCODED MICROSPHERES OF DIFFERENT DIAMETERS FOR MULTIPARAMETRIC FLOW CYTOMETRY</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколов</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolov</surname><given-names>M. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Герасимович</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gerasimovich</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Набиев</surname><given-names>И. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nabiev</surname><given-names>I. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суханова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sukhanova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет “МИФИ”</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет “МИФИ”;&#13;
Университет Реймса Шампань-Арденны</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute);&#13;
Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Реймса Шампань-Арденны</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>721</fpage><lpage>727</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Соколов М.Д., Герасимович Е.С., Набиев И.Р., Суханова А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Соколов М.Д., Герасимович Е.С., Набиев И.Р., Суханова А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sokolov M.D., Gerasimovich E.S., Nabiev I.R., Sukhanova A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://npe.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/562">https://npe.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/562</self-uri><abstract><p>Разработка инновационных методов флуоресцентной детекции на основе оптически кодированных микросфер разных цветов и размеров является актуальным направлением многопараметрической детекции и диагностики широкого круга заболеваний. Так, технология xMAP американской компании Luminex основана на использовании полистироловых микросфер, окрашенных двумя или тремя органическими флуорофорами в различных соотношениях, каждая из которых обладает уникальными спектральными характеристиками. Несмотря на способность детектировать до 80 белков или последовательностей ДНК в одной тестовой системе, необходимость использования специального оборудования только этой компании для мультиплексного анализа и характерные недостатки органических флуорофоров (большой Стоксовый сдвиг, фотовыцветание при лазерном возбуждении) ограничивают применения этой технологии. Целями настоящего исследования были дизайн и создание микросфер, кодированных полупроволниковыми квантовыми точками. Карбоксилированные меламин-формальдегидные микросферы двух размеров были оптически кодированы квантовыми точками двух цветов, иммобилизованых на поверхности микросфер методом послойной адсорбции противоположно заряженных полиэлектролитов. В результате были получены шесть популяций микросфер, имеющих разные размеры и/или уникальные оптические коды, обладающие стабильностью и гомогенностью в водных растворах в течение длительного времени. Анализ полученных микросфер методами динамического светорассеяния, эпифлуоресцентной микроскопии и проточной цитометрии показал их пригодность для многопараметрического анализа. При этом, использование для оптического кодирования квантовых точек позволило исключить фотодеградацию сигнала и обеспечило возможность возбуждения всех популяций одной и той же длиной волны излучения при эффективном разделении сигналов от микросфер в разных каналах стандартного проточного цитометра.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The development of innovative fluorescence detection methods based on optically encoded microspheres of different colors and sizes is an important direction of multiparameter detection and diagnostics of a wide range of diseases. Thus, the xMAP technology of the American company Luminex is based on the use of polystyrene microspheres colored with two or three organic fluorophores in different ratios, each of which has unique spectral characteristics. Despite the ability to detect up to 80 proteins or DNA sequences in a single test system, the need to use special equipment only from this company for multiplex analysis and the characteristic disadvantages of organic fluorophores (large Stokes shift, photo-bleaching under laser excitation) limit the application of this technology. The objectives of the present study consisted of the design and fabrication of microspheres encoded with semiconducting quantum dots. Carboxylated melamine-formaldehyde microspheres of two sizes were optically encoded with quantum dots of two colors immobilized on the surface of the microspheres by layer-by-layer adsorption of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes. As a result, six populations of microspheres with different sizes and/or unique optical codes were obtained with stability and homogeneity in aqueous solutions for a long time. Analysis of the obtained microspheres by dynamic light scattering, epifluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry methods showed their suitability for multiparameter analysis. At the same time, the use of quantum dots for optical encoding made it possible to exclude photodegradation of the signal and provided the possibility of excitation of all populations by the same wavelength of radiation with effective separation of signals from microspheres in different channels of a standard flow cytometer.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микросферы</kwd><kwd>квантовые точки</kwd><kwd>флуоресценция</kwd><kwd>многопараметрический анализ</kwd><kwd>проточная цитометрия</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>microspheres</kwd><kwd>quantum dots</kwd><kwd>fluorescence</kwd><kwd>multiparametric analysis</kwd><kwd>flow cytometry</kwd><kwd>diagnostics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang H.-J. et al. // Front. Immunol. 2021. V. 11. 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