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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">npe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ядерная физика и инжиниринг</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nuclear Physics and Engineering</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-5629</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2079-5637</issn><publisher><publisher-name>МИФИ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.56304/S2079562922030277</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">npe-260</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Радиационная безопасность</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Radiation Safety</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Доза облучения населения в 2020 г.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Radiation Dose of the Population in 2020</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костерев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosterev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, 115409</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 115409 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vvkosterev@mephi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цовьянов</surname><given-names>A. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsovyanov</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, 123098 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 123098</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сивенков</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sivenkov</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, 123098 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 123098</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Журавлева</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhuravleva</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, 123098 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 123098</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет “МИФИ”<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГНЦ РФ Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБА России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Centre, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia (FMBA)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>594</fpage><lpage>600</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Костерев В.В., Цовьянов A.Г., Сивенков А.Г., Журавлева В.Е., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Костерев В.В., Цовьянов A.Г., Сивенков А.Г., Журавлева В.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kosterev V.V., Tsovyanov A.G., Sivenkov A.G., Zhuravleva V.E.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://npe.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/260">https://npe.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/260</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлена информация о радиационной обстановке и дозах облучения населения, полученных в 2020 г. на территориях, обслуживаемых ФМБА России. Она получена на основе анализа, обработки и обобщения данных из радиационно-гигиенических паспортов предприятий и территорий, обслуживаемых ФМБА России, за 2020 г. Приведены значения средней годовой индивидуальной дозы облучения населения в 2020 г. за счет естественного и техногенно измененного радиационного фона. Представлена информация о структуре, количестве рентгенорадиологических процедур по видам и группам органов, коллективной и средней дозе облучения пациентов, полученной в 2020 г. на территориях, обслуживаемых ФМБА России. В количественном соотношении преобладают флюорограммы и рентгенограммы. Отмечается значительное уменьшение количества рентгенологических процедур в 2020 году по сравнению с 2018 г. прежде всего за счет снижения количества процедур флюорографии и рентгенографии. При этом по сравнению с 2018 г. коллективная доза существенно увеличилась, а средняя доза возросла, что связано со значительным ростом процедур компьютерной томографии. Отмечается существенный рост вклада компьютерной томографии в коллективную дозу по сравнению с предыдущими годами (более чем двадцатипроцентный рост с 2018 по 2020 г.) при ее незначительном вкладе по количеству процедур. Причина заключается в существенном росте томографических исследований в период пандемии коронавируса. Проведен анализ доз облучения, полученных при проведении флюорографии, рентгенографии, рентгеноскопии, томографии и прочих процедурах. Проведено сравнение дозовых характеристик при диагностических рентгенорадиологических процедурах в России и Франции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The information on the radiation situation and radiation doses of the population received in 2020 in the territories serviced by the FMBA of Russia is presented. It was based on analysis, processing and generalization of data from radiation-hygienic passports of enterprises and territories serviced by the FMBA of Russia for 2020. The values of the average annual individual radiation dose of the population in 2020 due to the natural and technogenically altered radiation background are given. Information on the structure, number of radiological procedures by types and groups of organs, collective and average radiation dose of patients received in 2020 in the territories served by the FMBA of Russia is presented. Fluorograms and radiographs dominate the quantitative ratio. There is a significant decrease in the number of X-ray procedures in 2020 compared to 2018, primarily due to a decrease in the number of fluorography and radiography procedures. At the same time, compared to 2018, the collective dose has significantly increased, and the average dose for all procedures has increased, which is associated with a significant increase in computer tomography procedures. The structure of medical irradiation of patients in the institutions of the FMBA of Russia in 2020 is given. There is a significant increase in the contribution of computer tomography in terms of the collective dose compared to previous years (more than a twenty percent increase from 2018 to 2020), with an insignificant contribution in terms of the number of procedures. The reason is a significant increase in tomographic studies during the coronavirus pandemic. The analysis of radiation doses obtained during fluorography, radiography, fluoroscopy, tomography and other procedures was carried out. The comparison of dose characteristics in diagnostic X-ray radiological procedures in Russia and France was carried out.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>радиационная обстановка</kwd><kwd>естественный радиационный фон</kwd><kwd>доза облучения</kwd><kwd>облучение населения</kwd><kwd>рентгенорадиологические процедуры</kwd><kwd>медицинское облучение</kwd><kwd>коллективная доза</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>radiation situation</kwd><kwd>natural radiation background</kwd><kwd>radiation dose</kwd><kwd>exposure of the population</kwd><kwd>radiological procedures</kwd><kwd>medical exposure</kwd><kwd>collective dose</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kosterev V.V., Tsov’yanov A.G., Sivenkov A.G., Bragin Yu.N. // At. Energy. 2016. V. 119 (6). 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