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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">npe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ядерная физика и инжиниринг</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nuclear Physics and Engineering</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-5629</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2079-5637</issn><publisher><publisher-name>МИФИ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1134/S2079562920040144</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">npe-112</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Математическое моделирование в ядерных технологиях</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Mathematical Modeling in Nuclear Technologies</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Квантовомеханическая модель элементов нейронной сети</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Quantum Mechanical Model of Neuron Network Elements</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новоселов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novoselov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">novoselov@goa.bog.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павловский</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlovsky</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, 119991</p><p>Москва, 117218</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 119991</p><p>Moscow, 117218</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ovp@goa.bog.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Физический факультет МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Физический факультет МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова; НИЦ “Курчатовский Институт” – ИТЭФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University; Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>266</fpage><lpage>270</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Новоселов А.А., Павловский О.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Новоселов А.А., Павловский О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Novoselov A.A., Pavlovsky O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://npe.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/112">https://npe.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/112</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассматривается модель квантовомеханической системы, организованной по принципу нейронной сети. Роль нейронов играют квантовомеханические частицы эволюционирующие под действием</p><p>внешнего потенциала с двумя минимумами. В качестве спайка выступает инстантон. Связь между нейронами обеспечивается потенциалом взаимодействия  . Несимметричность потенциала взаимодействия обеспечивает направленность связи. Таким образом полный гамильтониан системы имеет вид + . Система рассматривается при помощи вычисления интегралов по траекториям методом Монте-Карло. Показано, что при определенном выборе параметров в данной системе возможна передача активности в длинных цепочках нейронов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A model of a quantum-mechanical system organized by the principle of a neural network is considered. The role of neurons is played by quantum particles evolving under the action of an external doublewell potential. The instanton acts as a spike. The connection between neurons is provided by the interaction potential . The connection is directional due to asymmetry of the interaction potential. Thus, the complete Hamiltonian of the system is . The system is investigated by PIMC metod. It is shown that with a certain choice of parameters in this system, the transfer of activity in long chains of neurons is possible.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>искусственные нейронные сети</kwd><kwd>интеграл по траекториям</kwd><kwd>метод Монте-Карло</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>artificial neuron network</kwd><kwd>path integral</kwd><kwd>PIMC</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена с использованием ресурсов суперкомпьютерного комплекса МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова [5] и при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда (грант № 16-12-10059-П).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ceperley D.M. // Rev. Mod. Phys. 1995. V. 67. P. 279.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ceperley D.M. // Rev. Mod. Phys. 1995. V. 67. P. 279.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Polyakov A.M. Gauge Fields and Strings. 1987. London: Harwood Academic Publishers.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Polyakov A.M. Gauge Fields and Strings. 1987. 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